Mpox

Background

Monkeypoxvirus (MPXV) was previously regarded as a neglected tropical disease, affecting primarily West-African countries such as Nigeria. But back in early 2022, with the emergence of Clade II(b) Mpox within GBMSM, we set out to understand immune responses to infection, with comparison to Smallpox (INVANEX/JYNNEOS) vaccination.

Previous work had focussed solely on vaccination or on infection, but often limited number of infections were fully characterised, often limited by cases primarily being importations.

Here, we were able to firstly characterise which antigens were immunodominant between infection and vaccination, and then further elucidate the similarities and differences in immune responses to both.

Key Findings

• Antigen recognition: Diverse Orthopoxvirus antigens are recognised by individuals both post-vaccination and post-infection.
• Immunodominance is shared: Whilst both vaccination and infection induce subtle differences in immune responses, they induce broadly the same response.
• One dose of vaccination induces poor immunity: Induction of immune responses against major immunodominant antigens was poor post-dose 1, but markedly increased post-dose 2.

Current Projects

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Publications

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